CRYOGENICS |
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Cryogenics is a branch of physics (or engineering) that studies the production of very low temperatures (below −150°C, −238°F or 123K) and the behavior of materials at those temperatures. Cryonics is the nascent technology of cryopreserving humans and animals with the intention of future revival. Unlike cryogenics and cryobiology, cryonics is not an established science and is viewed with skepticism by most scientists and doctors today (although there are many scientists involved in cryonics[1]). As a technology, cryonics seeks to apply the results of many sciences, including cryobiology, cryogenics, rheology, emergency medicine, etc.
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ENGINEERING - MECHANICAL |
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Mechanical engineering is a very broad field of engineering that involves the application of physical principles for analysis, design, manufacturing, and maintenance of mechanical systems. The system can be as simple as the design of a chair for comfort or as complex as the operations of a turbocharged engine for speed. It can be as small as the manufacturing of a nano-sized gear or as large as the structure of a supertanker used to carry oil around the world.
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LIQUIFIED NATURAL GAS - LNG |
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Liquefied natural gas or LNG is natural gas that has been processed to remove impurities and heavy hydrocarbons and then condensed into a liquid at atmospheric pressure by cooling it to approximately -163 degrees Celsius. LNG is transported by specially designed vessels and stored in specially designed tanks. LNG is about 1/600th the volume of natural gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP), making it much more cost-efficient to transport over long distances where pipelines do not exist. Where moving natural gas by pipelines is not possible or economical, it can be transported by LNG vessels, where the most common tank types are membrane(prismatic) or Moss Rosenberg(spheres).
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METALLURGY |
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Metallurgy is a domain of materials science and of materials engineering that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their intermetallic compounds and their mixtures, which are called alloys.
Extractive metallurgy is the practice of separating metals from their ore, and refining them into a pure metal. In order to convert a metal oxide or sulfide to a metal, the metal oxide must be reduced either chemically or electrolytically.
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