AUDIO / VIDEO |
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Sound recording and reproduction is the electrical or mechanical re-creation and/or amplification of sound, often as music. This involves the use of Audio components such as microphones, recording devices and loudspeakers. From early beginnings with the invention of the Phonograph using purely mechanical techniques, the field has advanced with the invention of electrical recording, the mass production of the 78, the Magnetic wire recorder followed by the Tape recorder,the Microgroove recording, and the LP record. The invention of the Compact cassette in the 1960's, followed by the Walkman, gave a major boost to the mass distribution of music recordings, and the invention of Digital recording and the Compact disc in 1983 brought massive improvements in ruggedness and quality. The most recent developments have been in Digital audio players like the Apple iPod.
Video is the technology of capturing, recording, processing, transmitting, and reconstructing moving pictures, typically using celluloid film, electronic signals, or digital media, primarily for viewing on television or computer monitors.
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DIGITAL TELEVISION |
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DTV can be used to carry more channels in the same amount of bandwidth than analog TV (6 MHz or 7 MHz in Europe) and to receive high-definition programming. The digital signal eliminates common analog broadcasting artifacts such as "ghosting", "snow", and static noises in audio. However, when the signal is transmitted at a too low data rate DTV replaces these artifacts with new MPEG compression artifacts, such as "blocking", and may fail to work entirely in situations where analog television would have produced an impaired but watchable picture. Depending on the sophistication and level of the error correction defined by the technical standard that the broadcaster complies with, DTV may either work perfectly or not work at all.
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MUSIC |
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Music is an animal activity which involves structured and audible sounds, which is used for artistic or aesthetic, entertainment, or ceremonial purposes. Definitions vary in different cultures and social milieus. The definition of music as sound with particular characteristics is taken as a given by psychoacoustics, and is a common in musicology and performance. There are observable patterns to what is broadly labeled music, and while there are understandable cultural variations, the properties of music are the properties of sound as perceived and processed by humans.
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PACKAGING and LABELLING |
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Packaging is the enclosing of a physical object, typically a product that will be offered for sale. Labelling refers to any written or graphic communications on the packaging or on a separate label.
The purpose of packaging and labels
Packaging and labeling have five objectives:
Physical protection of the object - The objects enclosed in the package can be protected from damage caused by physical force, rain, heat, sunlight, cold, pressure, airborne contamination, and automated handling devices.
Agglomeration - Small objects are typically grouped together in one package for reasons of efficiency. For example, a single box of 1000 pencils requires less physical handling than 1000 single pencils. Alternatively, bulk commodities (such as salt) can be divided into packages that are a more suitable size for individual households.
Information transmission - Information on how to use, transport, or dispose of the product is often contained on the package or label. An example is pharmaceutical products, where some types of information are required by governments.
Marketing - The packaging and labels can be used by marketers to encourage potential buyers to purchase the product. Package design has been an important and constantly evolving phenomenon for dozens of years.
Reducing theft - Some packages are made larger than they need to be so as to make theft more difficult. An example is software packages that typically contain only a single disc even though they are large enough to contain dozens of discs.
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SEMANTICS |
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Semantics is a subfield of linguistics that is traditionally defined as the study of meaning of (parts of) words, phrases, sentences, and texts. Semantics can be approached from a theoretical as well as an empirical (for example psycholinguistic and neuroscientific) point of view. The decompositional perspective towards meaning holds that the meaning of words can be analyzed by defining meaning atoms or primitives, which establish a language of thought. An area of study is the meaning of compounds, another is the study of relations between different linguistic expressions (homonymy, synonymy, antonymy, polysemy, paronyms, hypernymy, hyponymy, meronymy, metonymy, holonymy, exocentric, and endocentric). Semantics includes the study of thematic roles, argument structure, and its linking to syntax. Semantics deals with sense and reference, truth conditions, and discourse analysis. Pragmatics is often considered a part of semantics, but otherwise is treated as a branch of its own.
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TECHNOLOGY |
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Technology is a word with origins in the Greek "technologia" ("τεχνολογία") "techne", "τέχνη" ("craft") and "logia", "λογία" ("saying")." "Technology" is a broad term dealing with the use and knowledge of humanity's tools and crafts.
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VIDEO / AUDIO |
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Find VIDEO / AUDIO experts and consultants for VIDEO / AUDIO litigation support. Available to be VIDEO / AUDIO expert witnesses and provide VIDEO / AUDIO forensic consulting in VIDEO / AUDIO litigation, in addition prepare VIDEO / AUDIO expert witness reports for use in deposition and/or in-court trial testimony.
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