Emergency preparedness is a set of doctrines to prepare civil society to cope with - or plan for - natural or man-made disasters. Emergency Operations or Disaster relief are the subset of these doctrines that are concerned with recovery efforts; these comprise the execution or implementation of the Emergency preparedness plans. This is usually a government policy adapted from civil defense to prepare for nonmilitary civil emergencies before they happen. Emergency management involves plans, structures and arrangements established to engage the normal endeavours of government, voluntary and private agencies in a comprehensive and coordinated way to respond to the whole spectrum of emergency needs. This is also known as disaster management